2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid Road Test: A Misconception American Automakers Are Behind It
There is a common misconception that American automakers are behind some imports in technology and fuel efficiency. That may have been true a few years ago, but it couldn’t be further from the truth today. Both Ford and GM have become leaders in fuel quality and economy in recent years, especially in the highly competitive midsize and up segment. Chrysler still lags behind on both, but it’s working hard and fast to catch up. Don’t you believe us? Check the numbers.
EPA estimates for the new ultra-slim Fusion and Milan Hybrid are 41 mpg city and 36 highway, which beat Toyota’s midsize 2009 Camry Hybrid by eight and two mpg, respectively. They are, Ford says, the most fuel-efficient midsize sedans in America.
Vastly redesigned and upgraded for 2010, the conventional Fusion and Milan offer the best gas-four fuel economy in the midsize segment, more powerful available V-6 engines, class-exclusive technologies including blind-spot detection and warning with cross-traffic alert and Ford SYNC, and more total passenger and luggage capacity than Camry. The Fusion’s new look is sleeker, sportier and aerodynamically sleeker. But the most exciting news is this all-new Fusion Hybrid. Along with its Mercury Milan Hybrid counterpart, it joins Ford Escape and Mercury Mariner (compact SUV) hybrids to double the size and volume of Ford Motor Co.’s hybrid lineup.
Among the key features of this next-generation system are a new ultra-efficient 2.5-liter four-cylinder “Atkinson cycle” engine that makes 155 hp and 136 lb-ft. of torque mated to an electronically controlled continuously variable transmission, or “e-CVT.” Intake Variable Cam Timing (iVCT) enables seamless transitions from gasoline to electric and vice versa, while cam and spark timing vary based on engine load to optimize efficiency and emissions. Enhanced electronic throttle control reduces airflow at shutdowns, which reduces the need for fuel at restarts, and a “wideband lambda sensor” analyzes air-fuel ratios and adjusts the lean/rich mixture to maintain the system in equilibrium and minimize emissions.
The new 275-volt Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) battery is smaller, lighter and optimized to produce 20 percent more power. Cooled by cabin air, its improved chemistry allows it to run at higher temperatures, and an added variable voltage converter boosts battery voltage to run the engine and generator more efficiently. A “smarter” climate control system with an electric air conditioning compressor minimizes engine usage by running it only when needed for heating and cooling.
The braking system offers full regenerative braking (when the drive motor becomes a generator), supported by friction braking as needed, to capture nearly 94 percent of the energy normally lost to friction in braking and send it back to the battery. And, as we noted during our ride, it offers improved brake pedal feel compared to the previous system.
The hybrid system also allows Fusion and Milan hybrids to run longer at higher speeds in electric mode than competitive systems. They can run up to 47 mph in pure electric mode, about twice the speed of some competitors. “Because our hybrid can run at a much higher speed in electric mode, you can do a lot more in city driving situations,” says Ford Hybrid Applications Manager Gil Portalatin. “Under the right conditions, you can drive around your neighborhood or in mall parking lots without using a drop of gas.” With ratings of 41 city and 36 highway, the Fusion and Milan hybrids can achieve a driving range of more than 700 miles on a single tank of gas.
It uses two high-resolution, full-color liquid crystal displays (LCDs) flanking the speedometer that can be configured to display different levels of information. The approach is multi-layered: a tutorial mode helps drivers learn their instruments and system, while tech enthusiasts will enjoy detailed gauges to help them become more efficient. The system even “grows” vines and leaves on the screen to reward efficient driving.
Drivers can choose one of four data screens: the basic “Report” screen shows fuel level and battery charge status; “Enlighten” adds an EV mode indicator and tachometer; “Engage” adds engine power output and battery power output; and “Empower” adds power to the wheels, EV power threshold, and accessory power consumption. All levels can display instantaneous fuel economy, fuel economy history, odometer, engine coolant temperature, transmission gear and trip data: fuel economy, fuel economy with elapsed time And miles to fill the void. There’s even an engine coolant temperature gauge that turns green when the engine is warm enough to allow the engine to be shut down and restarted for full EV operation.